Termites feed on wood and other cellulose materials, and they often work out of sight. Because of this, damage can build up before anyone notices. The good news is that there are well-known warning signs and professionals who can inspect for them. This guide is general information; termite species, behavior and treatment options vary by region.
Possible warning signs
- Mud tubes: thin tunnels of soil, often along foundation walls, piers or crawl-space framing.
- Hollow-sounding wood when you tap it, or wood that seems soft or blistered.
- Discarded wings near windows, doors or light fixtures, which can follow a swarm.
- Small piles of pellet-like droppings (frass) from some types of wood-destroying insects.
- Doors or windows that begin to stick for no obvious reason, though moisture can cause this too.
- Paint that bubbles or looks like water damage.
What a termite inspection involves
An inspector typically checks the foundation, crawl space or basement, attic where relevant, wood in contact with soil and areas with moisture. They look for active insects, evidence of past activity, damage and conditions that attract termites. Many provide a written report, which is often needed in real estate transactions in some areas.
Treatment options in general terms
Common approaches include liquid treatments applied to soil around and under a structure, bait systems placed around the property and spot or localized treatments for limited problems. Which is appropriate depends on the species, extent of activity, construction type and local rules. Ask the provider to explain why they recommend a given method and what the alternatives are.
Monitoring and warranties
Some providers offer ongoing monitoring or a warranty after treatment. Terms differ widely, including what is covered, how long it lasts, what yearly checks are required and what voids it. Read the agreement and ask for the terms in writing before you sign.
Reducing the conditions termites like
- Keep soil, mulch and firewood away from foundation walls.
- Fix leaks and improve drainage so wood does not stay damp.
- Ventilate crawl spaces and use moisture control where recommended.
- Repair damaged wood and keep wood-to-soil contact to a minimum.
Questions to ask an inspector or provider
- Are you licensed where required, and are you insured?
- What exactly did you find, and can you show me?
- Is any treatment urgent, and what happens if I wait?
- What are my options, and what does each include?
- What does the warranty or monitoring plan cover and exclude?
If you suspect termites, avoid disturbing the area and contact a professional. You can request free pest control quotes to compare inspections and treatment plans from independent local providers.
What to do if you think you have found termites
Try not to disturb the area, since that can scatter the insects and make inspection harder. Take clear photos, note where and when you saw the signs and, if you can safely do so, collect a few insects in a sealed container to help identification. Then contact a licensed inspector. Avoid over-the-counter sprays on the affected wood, which can interfere with professional treatment and give a false sense of security.
Termite problems are often manageable when handled by qualified professionals, so there is no need to panic. The most useful step is a clear diagnosis and a written plan.
Questions about this topic
Does homeowners insurance cover termite damage?
Many standard policies exclude damage from termites and other pests, but policies differ. Check your policy and ask your insurer or agent directly.
Should I get a termite inspection when buying a home?
In many areas it is a common part of buying a home, and some lenders require it. Ask your agent or lender what applies where you live.
This guide is general education. It is not legal, financial, engineering or insurance advice, and licensing, permit and insurance rules vary by state and locality.